Toulmin's model is an effective tool to help you question your sources.
Assignment: Choose 3 articles. Provide MLA information for each. Then identify the specific parts of each argument: claim, data, warrants, backing given to warrant, qualifiers, and rebuttals. Evaluate the strength/weakness of each part.
Identify any logos, pathos, or ethos used in argument. Evaluate the strength/weakness of the argument's logic, emotional appeal, and credibility.
Judge the validity of the overall argument. Is this a persuasive argument? Explain.
79 comments:
youdont need to publish this but i wanted to let you know that im not just not doing work my computer will not load sorry!!!!!
http://blog.nj.com/njv_editorial_page/2010/09/is_he_kidding_gov
Claim: NJEA doesn’t want budget cuts
Data: It’ll be bad for students
Bad for education and people who want to further their education
Help the rich not the students
Warrants: you support spending money on education
You care about this issue and side with either the NJEA or Christie
Logos: less money means less supplies for the schools
Pathos: you care about the children and their education
Ethos: a large union and politicians are against it
Qualifiers: doesn’t say for sure cuts will make things worse.
http://blog.nj.com/njv_editorial_page/2010/09/is_he_kidding_gov
Claim: NJEA doesn’t want budget cuts
Data: It’ll be bad for students
Bad for education and people who want to further their education
Help the rich not the students
Warrants: you support spending money on education
You care about this issue and side with either the NJEA or Christie
Logos: less money means less supplies for the schools
Pathos: you care about the children and their education
Ethos: a large union and politicians are against it
Qualifiers: doesn’t say for sure cuts will make things worse.
Claim: Don’t allow christie’s cuts.
Data: Bad for students, bad for teachers, bad for education
Warrants: You don’t like Christie’s changes to school budgets. You support NJEA. You want to spend money on education.
Logos: The less money the school has, the less likely the school and it’s students are to succeed.
Pathos: It’s taking education away from your children.
Ethos: Most Democratic poloticians are against it.
Claim: Although New Jersey has a bad reputation it still provides good schools for students.
Data: Princeton, Rutgers and Thomas Edison State College are all New Jersey schools and they are all good schools
Warrant: People think New Jersey has bad schools. New Jersey doesn’t teach its students enough
Logos: There are schools in New Jersey that are very good and have very intelligent students in them.
Pathos: New Jersey is not among the states that have high graduating percentages, so we get a bad reputation.
Ethos: Statistics show that New Jersey does not have a high graduating percentage.
Qualifier: The reason that not many students might not be on how many good schools there are in the state, but it also has to do with the funding that the state gets for education.
Claim: Don’t allow christie’s cuts.
Data: Bad for students, bad for teachers, bad for education
Warrants: You don’t like Christie’s changes to school budgets. You support NJEA. You want to spend money on education.
Logos: The less money the school has, the less likely the school and it’s students are to succeed.
Pathos: It’s taking education away from your children.
Ethos: Most Democratic poloticians are against it.
http://www.floppingaces.net/2010/05/29/njs-chris-christie-vs-teachers-union/
claim: Chris Christie is intimidating unions
data: he scared a teacher who felt they would get in trouble for expressing their opinion
warrant: you care about NJEA vs Christie
logos: scaring them would keep them from fighting back
pathos: feel bad for the teacher who was upset by Christie
ethos: people who witnessed it all
qualifier: no proof Christie is doing this for sure
http://www.floppingaces.net/2010/05/29/njs-chris-christie-vs-teachers-union/
claim: Chris Christie is intimidating unions
data: he scared a teacher who felt they would get in trouble for expressing their opinion
warrant: you care about NJEA vs Christie
logos: scaring them would keep them from fighting back
pathos: feel bad for the teacher who was upset by Christie
ethos: people who witnessed it all
qualifier: no proof Christie is doing this for sure
http://cubachi.com/2010/11/07/gov-christie-tells-teens-its-the-greedy-teachers-union-keeping-you-down/
Claim: Teachers are greedy and are more concerned about how much money they make rather then the students getting a good education.
Data:Teachers use the money for other things. Proper materials and technology isn't being given to the students.
Warrants:Kids don't like the education their getting. Teachers aren't properly teaching kids the right way. Teachers in new jersey aren't the best.
Pathos: Using kids as drug mules
Logos: Teachers don't care about students but they really do
http://www.northjersey.com/news/106812128_Blame_teachers_union__Christie_tells_kids.html
"Blame Teachers Union, Christie Tells Kids - NorthJersey.com." NorthJersey.com: Local News, Breaking News, Sports, Bergen, Passaic, Morris, Essex, Hudson, Sussex, Classifieds, Real Estate, Traffic & Weather. Web. 18 Nov. 2010. .
claim: students funds are cut because teachers are greedy
data: teachers care about how much they get paid, the money is going to where it shouldn't be, nobody can be greedy- everyone has to share
warrants: assuming teachers are the cause of funding problems, assuming teachers don't care about students' learning and education
logos: greedy teachers wanting money, cuts into budgets
pathos: caring about education and where the money is going
ethos: teachers are to blame
claim
claim-christie says that people voting down school budgets is proof that people are unhappy with school systems, teachers say that it shows there needs to be soultions foe the problems that our state is facing
data- 316 of 541 nj school budgets voted down both use it to support their different sides of the argument
warrants-because more people then ever before showed up to vote for the budget, it shows that people are upset or concered about something
logos-use facts and figures to make it all seem basic
pathos-because the topic is about the kids in the state people will be simpathetic to the situation
ethos-use both quotes from the governor and the njea spokesperson
qualifiers-both sides have good points but somewhere in the middle is a more logical reason to the situation
Claim: the people who are against christie are not looking at the facts and are being unfair to christie
Data: use facebook posts by teachers in the New Jersey Teachers United Against Governor Chris Christie's Pay Freeze"
Warrants: people like and agree with the governor
Logos: christie's offer seems simple, but we do not know the situation in all school distracts
Pathos: the facebook posts are very direct and rude
Ethos: not very credible because the people who are arguing are do it more emtional then logical
Qualifiers:
claim-nj schools are one of the best in the country and we should continue our funding to keep the schools that way
data-the report card that was given to all the states in the country
warrants-we are all happy with the education that we are receiving
logos- because we are doing well with what we are doing it should be the same
pathos-its the states kids education which people are usally sympathetic to
ethos- coming form the federal government
qualifiers- the claim seems to be very good because it shows how the state does have a good education system so it should continue that way
http://www.uwewh.org/files/NewJersey_wc.pdf
The claim made in this argument understands high school graduation rates in New Jersey.
Data that supports this claim is that they give you a chart of the amount of people that graduate each year and they also support the claim by explaining how most students are dropping out now. This claim uses graphs and percentage rates to show the different estimated graduation rates for minority groups
The assumption is made that kids in New Jersey are just not graduating due to bad grades and lack of intelligence. But they really are dropping out. The assumption is made that kids are just not as intelligent when really they are just lazy. They are dropping out to either join the work force or other situations.
The backing of this argument shows pretty well. They give all the charts that are necessary and they show how they are trying to prevent this drop out situation with the no child left behind act.
My computer also won't load so I'm going to finish it at home. I found some articles and posted them on the other blog but the computers are very slow.
Claim: Governor Chris Christie’s budget cuts are a disaster for public education.
Data: Chris Christie announced a $29.3 billion budget proposal that aims to reduce the state’s $10.7 billion deficit. This proposal cuts funding for public education by $820 million and aids for colleges and universities by $175 million. Princeton Regional School District loose $3.7 million, West Windsor-Plainsboro School District will loose $7.6 million, and Montgomery Township School District will loose $3.5 million. The proposal also calls for a loss of aid for municipalities and laying off about 1,300 state employees.
Warrant: The article assumes that I am a New Jersey state teacher for a public school.
Logos: Uses fact to show that Chris Christie is taking away the funding for public education
Pathos: Caring about education
Ethos: Chris Christie
The argument is strong in facts; there are many facts that support it. I believe it is a good, persuasive argument because it shows what Christie has done to the education system.
Source: http://www.nj.com/mercer/index.ssf/2010/11/governor_defends_budget_cuts_u.html
Claim: Christie is doing what he can to ease problems caused by budget cuts, and defending the cuts to local teens.
Data: Christie promises to make sure the cities public schools don't go completely downhill.
Warrants: Assumes readers care about the school.
I didn't get a chance to finish this but I'm just gonna post it anyway for now...
Aislinn,
Your data is very vague. According to the article,why are cuts "Bad for students, bad for teachers, bad for education"?
Amelia,
Keep up the good work. I like your analysis of the logos, ethos, and pathos of each argument.
Brooke,
Good analysis but you confused logos and pathos.
This is logoas: New Jersey is not among the states that have high graduating percentages, so we get a bad reputation.
This makes logical sense.
But this whole issue involves pathos too. We care because we are from New Jersey. The fact that we don't want a bad reputation is pathos. We care because we have pride in this state. This is logos too because we don't want students to go to bad schools; not good for economic growth.
The best arguments overlap logos, pathos, and ethos!
Cara,
There is pathos in the very language of the article. The fact that the author uses "greedy" to describe teachers is pathos. It is trying to create an emotion, anger, at teachers.
Class, look at the language used in article. If it is not neutral sounding, then the author is probably using pathos in argument.
Katie,
Can you think of another reason why all those budgets did not pass? Could the recession be a cause of the rejection of budgets? Let me know what you think.
Class,
You are not posting MLA format so I do not know what articles many of you are analyzing. Must repost with that information so I can analyze your work.
Additionally, while many of you are doing a wonderful job of breaking down the argument using the Toulmin's model, you are not saying if you find the overal argument or parts of it valid. Must go back and do that portion of the assignment.
Class,
Reminder: Outlines due Monday. Questions? Email me for any clarifications.
Taylor,
Womderful analysis. I like that you thought of other reasons why students may have dropped out. Good. Did you research your hypothesis? Can you confirm your reasons behind high drop-out rates?
Read this. Let me know what you think.........
http://www.thenation.com/article/156447/aiming-hydrant-what-malcolm-gladwell-missed-about-online-organizing-and-creating-big-?rel=emailNation
"New Jersey Local News - NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 28 Oct. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: That Cristie's new task force will create a better teacher evaluation.
Data: That current evaluations reward seniority and educational background instead of student achievement in test scores.
Warrants: The article assumes that i believe something is wrong with the current teacher evaluations.
Examples:
Logos: Test scores are low, a new teacher evaluation might help make them better.
Rebuttals: Christie might just be appointing new task force because he has continuously been in a feud with the teachers.
Applebome, Peter. "Governor Christie vs. the Teachers: Nastiness in New Jersey." Thenewyorktimes.com. The New York Times, 25 Apr. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: That Christie and the teachers union's disagreement is something out of the ordinary.
Data: 58% of 541 proposed budget bills for teachers are rejected in New Jersey, which is the highest since 1976.
Warrant: i have previous knowledge of the teacher's and Cristie's disagreement.
Examples:
Logos: Most states are not suffering from the same budget issues.
Pathos: People will feel for not only teachers, but police offers as well that are suffering from these budget cuts.
Rebuttal: That police officers are also being hurt by Cristie's problem with the teachers.
Calefati, Jessica. "New Jersey Local News - NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. Star Ledger Staff, 05 Nov. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2010. <http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/njea_head_avoids
claim: Teachers are greedy and are not worried about students education.
data: Students test scores are down , teachers are complaining about their pension funds.
warrants : Kids actually believe their education is bad adn their teachers are greedy.
pathos: kids aren't gettin the education they deserve.
logos: teachers don't care about the kids .
http://maplewood.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/16/gov-christie-announces-his-budget-proposal/
claim: christie's budget cuts are necessary to lower state debt.
data: budget cuts are needed to reduce the states 2.2 billion dollar debt for this year and the over 10 billion debt for next year.
warrant: we all want the budget cuts to lower the debt.
logos: cutting debt is goin to help turn the state around.
pathos: christie acknowledges that everybody is goin to suffer a little and people need to sacrifice.
http://www.njea.org/news/2010/09/28/njea%20statement%20on%20gov%20christies%20education%20agenda
claim: christie's proposals are bad .
data: christie passed 6 new reforms
at tenure for teachers and collective bargaining.
warrant : christie is trying to ruin education and not reform it.
logos: christie is passing his reforms without consulting real teachers.
pathos: people will feel sorry for the teachers union.
http://www.citytowninfo.com/places/new-jersey/colleges
Claim: New Jersey is doing well in schooling kids.
Data: There are a comparatively high number of for-profit schools in New Jersey, with over half of their post-secondary schools being for-profit. Only eight other states have a higher percentage of for-profit schools. There are 12 colleges in New Jersey with more than 10,000 students. There are a number of community colleges with more than 10,000 students.
Warrant: People want good education for their kids.
Logos: Only eight other states have a higher percentage of for-profit schools.
http://www.floppingaces.net/2010/05/29/njs-chris-christie-vs-teachers-union/
Claim: Teachers are not getting paid enough.
Data: Borough teacher Rita Wilson argued that if she were paid $3 an hour for the 30 children in her class, she’d be earning $83,000, and she makes nothing near that.
Warrant: Teachers want to be paid more.
Qualifier: Rita should be earning $83,000 at least but she makes nothing near that.
http://buildingbrightfutures.net/Post/sections/42/Files/The%20American%20High%20School%20Graduation%20Rate.pdf
The claim made in this argument is that the graduation rate for all students has dropped. It also shows the graduation rate between men and women and how men are more likely to drop out early and join the work force.
The assumption made in this article is that more and more americans are dropping out of school, and getting there GED or joining the workforce. Also that men are more likely to drop out of high school and just got striaght to the work force. They show you this by taking drop out rates from 25 years ago and comparing them to todays.
They also back this up with percentage rates of the minority groups who drop out.
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/economics/laureates/2000/heckman-autobio.html
This article shows the man who wrote the last 2 articles few articles that ive posted and he shows the drop out rate between minority groups and such as men and women.
The assumption would be made that this guy really dosent know what he's talking about. This guy in fact though has a noble prize for his study and really does have a sence of what he's talking about.
He shows this by giving the statistics that he collected and percentages.
He backs it up by also showing that hes a nobel prize winner and a economical scince graduate.
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/03/nj_union_may_
Star-Ledger, Kurdzuk/The. "N.J. Teachers' Union May Appeal Ruling That State Can Skip Pension Fund Payments | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. Mar.-Apr. 2010. Web. 15 Nov. 2010.
In this argument, the writer claims that the New Jersey government may rule out paying millions of dollars each year for teacher’s pension. The support behind this statement is that the state constitution states that NJ isn’t actually required to pay it. People are fighting back, trying to make funding a constitutional requirement.
Assumptions made: teachers don’t need pension funds.
. That just because it’s not a constitutional requirement it isn’t morally right.
Qualifier: when a state doesn’t pay its full bill each year, it makes future bills higher, which directs the constituents by taking more money away from us. That means we are better off money-wise if the state contributes to teacher pensions.
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/gov_christie_retired
"Gov. Christie says he will not invite NJEA president over for coffee at tense hall meeting" nj.com, The Associated Press, Puvlished November 11
Governor Christie isn’t establishing good relations with the NJEA by being childish and refusing their attempt at peace (meeting with them over brunch). Christie claims that he won’t meet with them because their campaign isn’t over yet. While the teacher’s union has vehemently disagreed with him since the day he took office and he can be sour about that, he’s being extremely rude. He is angry enough that his infamous temper when it pertains to them has been made a you tube sensation.
Assumptions: Christie believes the NJEA is trying to meet with him to make a deal that will only benefit them.
Qualifier: the NJEA is desperate for a better view of themselves, because children are watching the news and making bad opinions on teachers solely based on Christies attacks.
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/09/nj_sat_scores
Star-Ledger, Sciarrino/The. "N.J. SAT Scores Remain Steady, below National Average in Reading, Math Sections | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 13 Sept. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2010.
Claims: NJ school test scores aren’t getting any better.
Data: SAT scores over the past ten years have been evaluated and there has been largely no change.
Assumptions: that our test scores are bad and need to be changed and improved.
Qualifier: evidence says that we are below the national average in reading and math.
claim: Governor Christie is making unnecessary budget cuts to school funding
data: His new budget proposal is $29.3 billion which drastically cuts down public school funding.
warrant: I am concerned with the funding of public schools
logos: The more cuts Christie makes, the less money schools have
ethos: The author quotes the president of College Republicans
pathos: The author talks to an actual teacher making the reader feel comfortable because its someone who is actually in the education system
Brean, By Molly. "Christie Announces Sweeping Education Budget Cuts in N.J." The Daily Princetonian. Monday Mar. 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
claim: Its refreshing that Christie is standing u pagainst "greedy public employee unions"
warrent: You care about the fight between Christie and the NJEA
logos: The teachers want more money and thats why there are budget cuts
pathos: People will think the reson why the schools arent getting funded is because of the teachers greed
ethos: Christie is saying all this himself
"NJ’s Chris Christie vs. Teachers Union." Flopping Aces. 29 May 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
Source: http://njmonthly.com/articles/towns_and_schools/highschoolrankings/teachers-under-fire.html
MLA: Patterson, Mary Jo. "Governor Chris Christie Takes on the Public Education System in New Jersey-www.njmonthly.com." NJ and Best of New Jersey – Restaurants, Events, Doctors, Schools, Top High Schools – NJMonthly.com. 16 Aug. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2010.
Claim: Chris Christie's reforms are only going to make matters worse.
Data: Chris Christie, determined to shrink government spending amidst an unprecedented state budget crisis, ordered $820 million slashed from state education aid. Christie also criticized teacher salaries and benefits, attacked their union as greedy, and urged citizens to reject school budgets in districts where teachers didn’t accept pay freezes.
Warrants: We want whats best for all of the schools, Everyone doesn't agree with Chris Christie, We should do what will benefit the schools.
Backings: She was describing how we should do what is best for the school and how she doesn't feel that Chris Christies reforms will help.
Logos: The reforms should be based on what will be most beneficial to schools.
Ethos: She refers specifically to David Brearley High School and the issues occurring there.
Overall this is a really good argument because she uses most of the parts to the Toulmin's method and she had very strong points. The way she wrote the article also made her argument stronger.
http://gawker.com/5622065/new-jersey-loses-400-million-in-education-funding-over-silly-application-error
Claim: The only reason that New Jersey was not in the "Race to the Top" contest for federal education funding is because of a single clerical error on its application that will cost the state $400 million.
Data: New Jersey missed the cut by 3 points, by the Education Department's scoring system. Of the lengthy application, the state was awarded 0.2 points out of 5 because the question asked for fiscal year 2008 and 2009 figures, and the New Jersey employee filling out the application responded with 2011 figures. Had they filled in the right year, the response would've likely earned 5 points, the application would've passed, and New Jersey would've received $400 million in education funding.
Warrant: More money is better.
Logos: New Jersey's latest crop of students will now be $400 million dumber. Do the rest of us really want to deal with dumber New Jersey people in the future, shouting even more nonsense in our ears or on MTV all the time?
Source: http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/10/us_study_gives_nj_school_fundi.html
MLA: Star-Ledger, Rainey/The. "N.J. School Funding Scores High Marks, but Does Not Account for Christie's $820M Budget Cuts | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 12 Oct. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2010.
Claim: Even though New Jersey school funding scores high marks, Chris Christie still made a budget cut.
Data: New Jersey is one of only six states to score well in each of the four categories evaluated by the report card’s authors.
Warrants: Chris Christie doesn't care about what everyone thinks is the best, Chris Christie is selfish and only cares about what he thinks is best.
Backings: Chris Christie doesn't care that the New Jersey school funding scored high marks and he stil went through with his reforms and he gives the teacher a dirty look.
Pathos: In the picture, Chris Christie is giving the teacher a dirty look showing that he doesn't care what she thinks.
Logos: Chris Christie isn't doing what is best for everyone and he is going to stick with his reforms.
Ethos: Robert Hunter Elementary School
The overall argument is really good because the picture clearly illustrates the overall point of the article and they explain the high scores and Christie's reforms well.
Source: http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/09/gov_chris_christie_to_roll_out.html
MLA: Star-Ledger, Mills/The. "Gov. Chris Christie to Outline N.J. Education Reform Agenda in Town Hall Meeting | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 28 Sept. 2010. Web. 19 Nov. 2010.
Claim: Chris Christie will propose the reforms he wants to make.
Data: Gov. Chris Christie this afternoon will roll out part of his agenda for transforming New Jersey’s education bureaucracy, linking teachers’ raises and job security to student performance rather than seniority or advanced training, according to two sources with knowledge of the plans. Christie will outline the plans at two town halls, first this afternoon in Old Bridge and the second Thursday, the sources said.
Warrants: We want to know when and where Christie will be proposing his reforms because we want to hear what he has to say and we care about what happens with the controversy involving Chris Christie and the tecahers union.
Backings: The changes are aimed at putting student achievement at the center of a public education system that currently gives teachers contractual raises based on number of years worked and advanced degrees received.
Logos: Chris Christie is going to still go through with his reforms even though a lot of people disagree with him.
Pathos: In the picture, Christie looks very nervous.
Rebuttals: But Christie can’t unilaterally make all the changes he will propose. Some will need to be passed by the Democrat-controlled Legislature, while others can be changed in regulations or through the state board of education, the sources said.
The overall argument is good because they go into good detail about Christie and his reforms. We also know how everything works and Christie's feelings beforehand.
http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2010/03/22/25559/
Claim: Chris Christie’s budget cuts affect New Jersey schools negatively.
Data: To make up for lost aid, districts across the state are discussing property tax increases as well as cuts to staff, programming and student activities. The state budget cuts will also reduce spending on higher education.
Warrants: You think the budget cuts are bad.
Ethos: The 2009-10 fiscal year budgets for the Princeton, West-Windsor-Plainsboro and Montgomery school districts were $74.1 million, $151.4 million and $69.5 million, respectively.
Overall argument:This article does persuade and show how the cuts are bad for schools.
http://www.dailyprincetonian.com/2010/03/22/25559/
Brean, By Molly. "Christie Announces Sweeping Education Budget Cuts in N.J." The Daily Princetonian. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: cutting school & college funding expenses
Data: the proposal reduces funding for public education by $820 million and aid for colleges and universities by $175 million, among other cuts. Local school districts will have to deal with reductions. To make up for lost aid, districts across the state are discussing property tax increases as well as cuts to staff, programming and student activities.
Warrants: assuming people are content or think it is fair to just make cuts without their consent. assuming we will not have a reaction to these cuts. assuming people are willing to give up their jobs so they can reduce the spending of the funding.
logos: the more cuts there is, the more money will be saved
pathos: teachers want for higher salary makes them greedy
Part of the argument that i believe is valid is the part where he tries to make cuts to save money but the money is not necessarily being saved, it is being used in other positions which makes the cuts worthless.
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view on post before this one:
argument is not so valid because you can not blame the teachers for all the problems. A lot of teachers are do very well in doing their job and they wouldn't work with kids if they wanted to take away their education
http://blog.nj.com/njv_editorial_page/2010/01/njs_urban_schools_dropout_rate.html
CLAIM: Dropout rate is high in suburban/urban parts on New Jersey and it effects the economy
DATA: In Newark, for instance, of the 11,750 current high school students, approximately 5,400 will drop out before their graduation day. Cutting that rate in half would mean the additional graduates would earn $24 million more each year and pay approximately $3.5 million more in taxes. They would spend $12 million more and invest an additional $4 million a year. Over their lifetimes, they would spend $40 million more on homes.
Warrant: Assumes students drop out just because they are lazy/not intelligent, where is could be for a legitimate reason. Assumes that dropouts only become unproductive parts of society. Assumes that in order to be successful, you have to graduate high school.
Logos:
Pathos: Dropouts earn less, spend less and are more apt to end up on the dole or in the criminal justice system, where they will drain tens (if not hundreds) of thousands of dollars. = sad, unsuccessful lifestyles.
Those who graduate high school, even if they don’t go on to college, are more likely to obtain additional job training and education — which will further increase their earnings.
=happy, successful lifestyles.
Ethos: The economics don’t stop at town borders, so there’s a statewide incentive to get students — everywhere — into caps and gowns.
http://www.nj.gov/governor/news/news/552010/approved/20100930c.html
"Office of the Governor | Newsroom." The Official Web Site for The State of New Jersey. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: trying to improve failing schools
Data: give parents a chance with greater school choices. expand high-quality charter schools, spur innovative learning. 104,000 students are trapped in 205 chronically failing schools in New Jersey
warrants: assuming parents need and care for a well developed education system for their children, assuming children's education is very important and must be dealt with carefully, assuming that trapped students deserve to have a chance for the right education in order to be successful
logos: students in failing schools will fail unless they can get out.
pathos: parents should have the choice of where to send children
This argument is valid because it tried to improve schooling without any blames to why it is why it is. It shows that parents care and want the best for their children and that they should have greater opportunities for educational choices
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/04/nj_teachers_attack_gov_chris_c.html
claim:Teachers are tottally against Gov. Chris Christies decisions.
Data:Many the teachers have called Christie fat, compared him to a genocidal dictator and wished he was dead.
warrants: Assumes that teachers don't like Christie. Assumes that what he is doing to the schools is bad.
ethos:Earlier this month, an opinion column in The Star-Ledger of Newark, the state's largest newspaper, took teachers to task for their attacks on the governor.
This article truly shows the hatred teachers have for Chris Christie.
Source: Waters, Laura. "NJEA/Christie Head-Butting Match." 26 Mar. 2010. Web. 12 Nov. 2010.
http://njleftbehind.blogspot.com/2010/03/njeachristie-head-butting-match.html
Claims: Christie thinks he's saving jobs by freezing teachers salaries.
Data: Christie is defending tax payers more than the teachers union because he thinks it saves jobs.
Warrant: Christie assumes teachers won't be mad about budget cuts.
Pathos: Feel bad for teachers because they're suffering budget cuts.
Claim: Chris Christie's budget cuts are aimed at reducing the state's $10.7 billion deficit.
Data: Aimed at reducing the state’s $10.7 billion deficit, the proposal reduces funding for public education by $820 million and aid for colleges and universities by $175 million, among other cuts.
Warrants: People are against these budget cuts. Nobody wants our schools budgets to be cut.
Logos: taking away from our schools will in turn help our state.
Pathos: Many people are in an uproar and are very angry about the budget cuts because our education of our students is the future of our state and country
Ethos: This is written in a negative view of the budget cuts
Claim: Christie wants a pay freeze
Data: Christie wants a teacher who has taught for 14 years to give up her $4,000 dollar raise
Warrant: The middle class are untouched by the recession
Logos: $61,798 a year is just enough to pay the bills
Pathos: She still has 2 more kids to put through college and is barley making it.
Ethos: She has been a teacher for 14 years.
Rebuttal: New Jersey’s teachers are the fourth-highest-paid in the country.
Fleisher, Lisa. "N.J. Teacher Salaries Debate Continues amid Gov. Christie's School Aid Cuts | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 16 May 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
http://www.newjerseynewsroom.com/state/new-jersey-gets-a-for-fairness-with-education-funding
Claim: NJ is fair for giving additional support to high poverty districts.
Data: NJ typically allocates around $3,000 more to districts with very high poverty levels than those with low poverty.
Warrants: some schools with high poverty might need more than $3000 to make up for the budget cuts
Logos: Funding should be fair and given out more to the districts that need it more.
Pathos: fairness and equality is needed in our education system
Ethos: This is credible because some schools need more money than others and it should be fair
Star-Ledger, O'Boyle/The. "N.J. School Districts Hit Brick Wall on Raising Superintendent Salaries | NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
claims: that the school districts need to raise money for superintendent salaries
data:70% of superintendents across the state, it will affect 100% of the superintendents in the Independent Press coverage areaThe maximum salary would be $165,000 for districts with between 3,001 and 10,000 students, which would include Chatham, Millburn and Summit. For districts with enrollment of 1,501-3,000, the maximum salary for superintendents would be $155,000
Warrent: that everyone wants the schools to succeed
logos: need good schools for kids to succeed
rebuttal: the state doesnt have enough money
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/njea_head_avoids_criticizing_g.html
Claim: the teachers union is to blame for lack of school supplies and aid cuts
Data:"There’s a lot of really great teachers in the state," said Christie. "But their union cares more about how much they get paid than they care about how well you learn."
Warrants: Assumes that teachers are to blame for the cuts in our schools.
Logos: The teachers are not all to blame for these cuts in our schools
Pathos: Not everyone believes the teachers are to blame for these cuts
Ethos: The credibility of this is good because it is coming from our governor.
Calculations, By Her. "‘Lack of Respect’ Seen for School Chiefs - NorthJersey.com." NorthJersey.com: Local News, Breaking News, Sports, Bergen, Passaic, Morris, Essex, Hudson, Sussex, Classifieds, Real Estate, Traffic & Weather. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
claims: there is a lack of respect for teachers and school administrators
dataThe first of four hearings on the plan drew more than 50 people
warrent: that people want administrators to be respected because they are teaching there children
ethos: that chldren are the future and need to be taught well
"Christie Cap May Result in Repeat of New Jersey's April School-Budget Rout - Bloomberg." Bloomberg - Business & Financial News, Breaking News Headlines. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
Like EasyBib?
claim: that new jersey doesnt want a repeat of aprils school budget rout
data:
warrent: that no one wants the budget to take the same rout as it did in april
logo: money is vidal to keeping the school system up and running and if the budget is like it was in april the school system will begin to fail
rebuttal: people in the state cant afford to pass budget and receive higher taxes
Claim: Kindergarden programs shouldn't be cut.
Data: Christie wants to cut Kindergarden programs
Warrant: Teacher think kindergarden classes are needed to help children do better in the future.
Pathos: Parents depend on public school childcare
Garland,, Sarah. "NJ Spotlight | School Funding Cuts Claim Another Victim: Full-Day Kindergarten." NJ Spotlight | Where Issues Matter. 23 July 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: Budget cuts are needed.
Data: Christie announced a $29.3 billion budget proposal for the state’s upcoming fiscal year.
Warrant: Christie thinks budget cuts will help New Jersey.
Pathos: More people are being layed off
Brean, Molly. "Christie Announces Sweeping Education Budget Cuts in N.J." The Daily Princetonian. 22 May 2010. Web. 21 Nov. 2010. .
"Education: New Jersey Students Demand More School | The Economist." The Economist - World News, Politics, Economics, Business & Finance. Web. 15 Nov. 2010.
claim: New Jersey students demand more school
data:2000 high school students in New Jersey walked out of class to protest looming school budgets that might lay off teachers, increase class sizes and cut music, art, sports, and extracurricular programs
warrant: schools around new jerseys are already making cuts and increasing there class sizes
logos: students in other states are not protesting for there teachers
pathos:people will be interested in why students in NJ are protecting budget cuts
rebuttal: cristie is going to continue to make these cuts if he feels that they are necessary
Sorry, here's the MLA format for the first website I used:
Brean, Molly . "Christie announces sweeping education budget cuts in N.J. - The Daily Princetonian." The Daily Princetonian. N.p., 22 Mar. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.
Source: http://www.nj.com/mercer/index.ssf/2010/11/governor_defends_budget_cuts_u.html
Claim: Christie is doing what he can to ease problems caused by budget cuts, and defending the cuts to local teens.
Data: Christie promises to make sure the cities public schools don't go completely downhill.
Warrants: Assumes readers care about the school. Logos-stating that he needs to make sure money is being used properly. Pathos- Making promises that he's not going to "let Trenton sink into the Delaware", saying he'll make sure everything is ok.
Backing: Christie said he was working with the Mayor of Trenton to make sure the state's money is going to a good place.
Rebuttal: "...realistically now, do you think the governor can realistically go into 588 school districts and look at where all this money is being spent?” Christie says he's trying, but he can't properly fund all of New Jersey's public education.
Source: Calefati, Jessica. "Comments on NJEA President Calls Christie 'irresponsible' after He Blamed Teachers for Lack of School Supplies | New Jersey Real-Time News - Page 17." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. 09 Nov. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: Chris Christie has serious character issues, and the public may want to reconsider their election of him.
Data: Christie told a Boys and Girls club in Trenton that the reason their school is lowon supplies is because greedy teachers are wasting money and stealing supplies.
This is a character issue because he's blatantly lying about his budget cuts to kids.
Warrants: Assuming reader is on the side of the NJEA. Assuming reader disagrees with Christie. Assumes people want more money to go to education.
Logos-What Christie says about teachers isn't true, everyone knows about his budget cuts.
Pathos- Teacher supset about this; writer makes it seem like the reader should be as well.
Ethos-Questions Christie's character by pointing out his lying to kids.
MLA: Newell, Jim. "New Jersey Loses $400 Million in Education Funding Over Silly Application Error." Gawker — Gossip from Manhattan and the Beltway to Hollywood and the Valley. N.p., 25 Aug. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010.
Claim: A single clerical error will cost the state $400 million. The Education Department is not willing to give the state one chance to make a correction, even though it would be for the good of the children.
Data: New Jersey missed making the top of Obama’s “Race to the Top” contest by 3 points.
The question asked called for called for the 2008 and 2009 figures, and a NJ employee responded with 2011 figures.
Had the employee entered the right data, New Jersey would have received $400 million in education funding.
Warrants: The assumption that the Education Department does not care about kid’s education at all.
Qualifiers: The Education Department does not want to give the state a second chance, but not caring about the children is more then likely not the only cause.
Rebutters: The Education Department workers that have children of their own and care very much for their education.
Strengths/Weaknesses: It is strong in claim and data, but makes a lot of assumptions about the Education Department. It has a lot of emotional appeal.
Logos: The reasoning of how we lost $400 million because of a single human error.
Pathos: The article provokes anger of parents of children in school and even student currently enrolled into school.
Ethos: The author is very critical, and his writing style is very harsh towards the Education Department, almost making me believe him more.
Validity of overall argument: I think that the argument is very valid and very logical.
Source: Unknown. "Christie to Unemployed: Better Luck next Year." Http://www.njea.org/news/2010-09-21/christie-to-unemployed-better-luck-next-year. 21 Sept. 2110. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: Christie is an irresponsible governor.
Data: Delaying application for additional funding, thus keeping the umemployment rate very high. 3,900 out-of-work school employees are stioll jobless, and all Christie says is 'better luck next time'.
Warrants:
Not finished this but posting it for now.
Claim: New Jersey Education is going down the drain
http://gawker.com/5622065/new-jersey-loses-400-million-in-education-funding-over-silly-application-error
Data: New Jersey 400 million dollars in educational funding over a silly mistake.
Warrant: You agree with them. You think that unions are bad. You care about the educational funding.
Pathos: Mentions children, how they’re losing their education.
Logos: If they made this mistake, what other mistakes will they make.
http://www.njspotlight.com/stories/10/0722/1928/
Claim: The government is ruining fundamental things like kindergarten
Data: Schools are cutting days in half for kindergarten even though it’s proven that a full day is better.
Warrant: You think that a full day is better than a half day.
Pathos: Your kids could be effected. Children are progressing slower.
Logos: A full day with more interaction is better.
"'High School Dropout Crisis' Continues in U.S., Study Says - CNN." Featured Articles From The CNN. 05 May 2009. Web. 12 Nov. 2010.
Claim: High school drop out rates are increasing.
Data: About 7,200 students drop out of high school each day. Nationally, about 68.8% of students who start high school graduate four years later. There are local differences. 83% percent of the students in New Jersey graduate each year, while 41.8% of Nevada’s students do.
Warrant: The article assumes you care about high school drop out rates. Assumes immigrants and poor children make a difficult problem worse. Race is apparently a key factor in graduating high school.
Logos- Gives you statistics of the amount of students who graduate and the percent number of those who drop out in certain states.
Ethos- Lists different schools that have high graduation rate, The Newport-Mesa Unified school district in Newport Beach, Calif.
Backing giving to warrant: Different high school graduation rates.
Qualifiers: It only names a few states with graduation rates that are around average and low, it does not list them all. Picks certain schools that have extremely low dropout rates or extremely high dropout rates.
Claim: Stdents are getting cheated out of their education by teachers
Data: The money is not being used for educational reasons/ provide for the stdents and their needs
Warrants: The students are ot happy with their education
logos: Greedy teachers are taking all the money and its not going to the students and their needs
pathos: Christie talks about the kids being drug mules and makes the reader feel like the teachers are unethical
ethos: Governor Christie is a reliable source
Source: Unknown. "Christie to Unemployed: Better Luck next Year." Http://www.njea.org/news/2010-09-21/christie-to-unemployed-better-luck-next-year. 21 Sept. 2110. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: Christie is an irresponsible governor.
Data: Christie delayed application for additional funding, thus keeping the umemployment rate very high. 3,900 out-of-work school employees are still jobless, and all Christie says is 'better luck next time'.
Warrants: Assumes reader wants to keep unemployment low. Assumes reader wants additional funding for schools.
Logos- Christie intentially delayed application for funding until the last minute; this logically does not make sense.
Pathos- Less money for schools means less education for students, which would make people sad and angry.
Backing: Schools need proper funding in order to succeed, which the state isn't providing.
Qualifiers: Chrisitie intentially delayed submitting an incredibly simple application for additional funding. The appolication was only one question, in which one of two boxes needed to be checked in order to determine how much funding will be provided.
MLA: I can’t get the MLA, neither Bibme.org or Easybib.com is working for me on this computer. Here's the link to the article:
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/15/education/15budget.html?_r=1
Claim: The state continues to suffer at the hand of Chris Christie. The effect he has had on this state is devastating.
Data: New Jersey faced a $2.2 billion budget deficit. Christie cut $560 million in previously approved education spending, which included $5 million for after-school programs. The Newark Teachers Union stated that nearly 1,800 untenured teachers will be laid off, the largest since 1970. New Jersey After 3 President Mark Valli stated that all but 25 of the 116 state-financed after-school programs will close.
Warrant: They assume that things will continue to get worse from here.
Qualifiers: Not all after-school programs will close, and not all schools have lost a devastating amount of money.
Rebuttals: Things could get better, not all schools have lost the amount of money that the schools in Linden have.
Logos: The use of data to support their claim.
Pathos: Provoking anger in those involved in the education in some way; if they’re a student, parent, or teacher.
Argument Credibility: I think that the argument is pretty logical; it’s more or less just giving us an idea of how much schools are losing but it’s a strong point.
claim: Teachers are greedy.
data: Teachers want more money; Students arent doing as well .
logos: Teachers only care about themselves and not the students .
warrants : Kids think their teachers are greedy and dont do their job.
pathos: Kids dont get the education they need.
Calefati, Jessica. "New Jersey Local News - NJ.com." New Jersey Local News, Breaking News, Sports & Weather - NJ.com. Star Ledger Staff, 05 Nov. 2010. Web. 11 Nov. 2010. <http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/njea_head_avoids
Claim: Its the teacher unions fault that there isnt enough money.
Data:Christie thinks that teachers are worried about their pay more then the actual education.
Warrants: Assumes that teachers are to blame for the budget cuts
Pathos: Some people dont believe that it is the teachers fault.
http://www.nj.com/news/index.ssf/2010/11/njea_head_avoids_criticizing_g.html
Claim: Trying to make schools systems better
warrants: assuming parents want good education for their kids, assume children need a good education
logos: Children can only go as far as their education takes them
http://www.nj.gov/governor/news/news/552010/approved/20100930c.html
Claim: The pension system needs more funding.
Data:System is underfunded.
Warrants: The system doesnt have enough money.
We want more money in the pension system.
Logos: Teachers are having problems with current pension system.
Ethos: System is under funded by 46 million dollars.
New Jersey Still Underfunding Its Pension System - PressofAtlanticCity.com." PressofAtlanticCity.com: Home - Breaking News plus Local, Business, Sports, Entertainment & Video News for Southern New Jersey. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. .
Claim: Colleges need financial help.
Data:It will get them out of their current debt.
Warrants: You want help colleges.
You want to go to college.
Logos: colleges will shut down if they do not get financial help.
Ethos: Rutgers University alone owes 864 million dollars
Claim: Help teachers and schools with funding.
Data: It will stop teaches from spending their money on supplies.
Warrants: You want to raise state aid for schools.
Logos: Teaches are spending their own money of school supplies.
Ethos: Teachers are spending 500 to 1000 dollars on supplies.
"NJEA: ‘Christie Irresponsible and out of Control’." 9 Nov. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. .
claim- not enough students graduate highschool in NJ
data-18% are non graduates
warrants-students are worried about graduating, students dont try enough, students dont care how NJ looks educationally
logos- 18% that dont graduates isnt enough, highschool drop outs are costing NJ money, $4.8billion in lost wages
pathos-it gives the feeling that NJ students arent trying enough, anger
ethos- Alliance For Excellent Education
qualifiers- the claim seems reasonable but it pounds on students with out directly speaking towards them, and doesnt show the reasons of drop outs
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